Habtamu Seifu
Review of modern safes. Main categories and their properties
It can be argued that the most reliable way to protect valuables is to store them in a safe deposit box. But what if you have to use something important and valuable every day. Documents, cash, information data are only part of what you have to use on a daily basis, and what must be securely stored. The only correct answer is secure personal storage. We are talking about safes. Metal boxes with powerful locks were used as the first reliable storage facilities. Until they invented welding and gas torches capable of cutting metal. The next step was for the designers in the design, improvement and arrangement of metal, concrete and other materials in the production of safes. And this confrontation will always last. Of course, considering the properties of modern safes only as protection against burglary is not entirely complete. In combination with burglar-resistant properties, it is necessary to take into account the ability of the safe to keep the contents from fire-fire. In this article, we will look at the Habtamu Seifu burglary and fire-resistant features that modern safes have.
All safe products on the Ukrainian market can be divided into 3 main categories: fire-resistant, burglar-resistant and fire-burglary. In accordance with their purpose, we will highlight the main ones.
Fireproof safes are designed to keep the contents from the effects of fire and protect valuables in the event of a fire. Statistics claim that these dangers occur much more often than hacking attempts.
This category of safes has its own classification, reflecting the time (30, 60, 90,120 minutes) of the contents (B-paper, documents, D, disk disks, magnetic media, photographic film, CDs). For example, the most common fire-resistant safes on the Ukrainian market, class 60B means the time of preservation of documents and cash within an hour (60 minutes) in the epicenter of a fire at temperatures above 1000 degrees.
This is how fire-resistant safes are tested and certified. A safe with the necessary contents and temperature sensors is placed in a burning furnace with a predetermined temperature (over 1000 degrees). After an appropriate time, the oven dies out, the safe cools down and the data obtained is checked. The test is considered passed if everything that was inside was removed without signs of burning or charring, and the temperature was not higher than the maximum permissible (for example, for paper less than 170 degrees), i.e. there was no excess of temperature values for a certain time interval.
The body of a fire-resistant safe consists of two interconnected metal surfaces filled with refractory material (concrete, foam, foam concrete). In the door opening, a so-called thermal seal and a special heat-resistant gasket are used.
Burglary-resistant safes are subdivided into burglar resistance classes (from 1 to 13) according to the level of resistance and the value of resistance to impact. Also, according to their purpose, they are distributed into furniture, built-in, armory, cash, hotel, deposit.
The body of the burglar-resistant safe has a three-layer structure of inner and outer walls, and protective concrete. Burglary resistance class directly depends on the thickness of the concrete layer and its characteristics. To reduce the thickness of concrete, and, accordingly, its weight, concrete reinforcement is used by adding metal, marble or granite chips, as well as other materials that increase the resistance to the effects of various tools.
In modern burglar-resistant safes, composite materials are used to reduce the weight of the safe, as well as improve its burglar-resistant properties. And each manufacturer always keeps its design developments a secret.
The door of a burglar-resistant safe has limitations in thickness, because there is a lock and a latch mechanism in it. Therefore, the outer wall of the door, in the absence of a concrete layer, must be at least 10 mm (for class 1), have a three-sided locking system and a protective plate from drilling made of carbide materials.
Certification tests are carried out by licensed organizations that are officially authorized to carry out them. Burglary certification is a complex system of coefficients that takes into account the time, the tools used, their categories, the number of attempts and other constant and variable factors. On their basis, the burglar resistance class is assigned to the sample.
Safes with burglary resistance class 1
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